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The Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca, literally "cat-foot black-and-white") is a mammal classified in the bear family (Ursidae), native to central-western and southwestern China. The Giant Panda was previously thought to be a member of the Procyonidae (raccoon) family. It is easily recognized by its large, distinctive black patches around the eyes, over the ears, and across its round body. Though belonging to the order Carnivore, the Giant Panda has a diet which is 99% bamboo. The Giant Panda may eat other foods such as honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, and bananas when available. The Giant Panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces. It once lived in lowland areas, but farming, forest clearing, and other development now restrict the Giant Panda to the mountains. |
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Unlike many other animals
in Ancient China, pandas were rarely thought to have medical uses. In the
past, pandas were thought to be rare and noble creatures; the mother of
Emperor Wen of Han was buried with a panda skull in her vault. Emperor
Taizong of Tang is said to have given Japan two pandas and a sheet of panda
skin as a sign of goodwill. The Giant Panda was first made known to the
West in 1869 by the French missionary Armand David, who received a skin
from a hunter on March 11, 1869. The first westerner known to have seen
a living Giant Panda is the German zoologist Hugo Weigold, who purchased
a cub in 1916. Kermit and Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. became the first foreigners
to shoot a panda, on an expedition funded by the Field Museum of Natural
History in the 1920s. In 1936, Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner
to bring back a live Giant Panda, a cub named Su-Lin who went to live at
the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. These activities were halted in 1937 because
of wars; for the next half of the century, the West knew little of pandas.
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